Researched by Helena DeMaria-Williams
Formula IngredientEmulsifierINCI: PEG-40 Hydrogenated Castor Oil
PEG-40 Hydrogenated Castor Oil is a polyethylene glycol (PEG) derivative of hydrogenated castor oil, produced by reacting castor oil with ethylene oxide. It is a mildly viscous, amber-coloured liquid that functions primarily as an emulsifier and surfactant, allowing oil and water-based ingredients to blend stably in a formulation. It is also widely used as a fragrance solubiliser in water-based products, enabling fragrance compounds to disperse evenly without separation.
Category
Emulsifier
Irritation Risk
Low
Skin Types
all skin types, oily, dry, combination, sensitive, acne-prone
emulsification, fragrance solubilisation, formulation stability, gentle cleansing
The Cosmetic Ingredient Review (CIR) has assessed PEG-40 Hydrogenated Castor Oil as safe at concentrations up to 100% without causing direct irritation on healthy, intact skin. However, it can increase the skin penetration and sensitisation potential of other co-formulated ingredients. The Cosmetics Database assigns a moderate hazard rating primarily due to contamination concerns — PEG compounds can contain trace impurities such as ethylene oxide and 1,4-dioxane depending on manufacturing quality. No EU CosIng Annex II or III restrictions apply.
PEG-40 Hydrogenated Castor Oil does not increase photosensitivity. No sun protection precautions are required based on its presence in a formulation.
PEG compounds can contain trace impurities including 1,4-dioxane, which is classified as a possible human carcinogen (IARC Group 2B), and ethylene oxide. Exposure from leave-on cosmetics at typical concentrations is considered very low risk, but some sources advise caution during pregnancy as a precautionary measure. Rinse-off formulations pose minimal concern. Consult a healthcare provider if in doubt.
PEG-40 Hydrogenated Castor Oil is a polyethylene glycol (PEG) derivative of hydrogenated castor oil, produced by reacting castor oil with ethylene oxide. It is a mildly viscous, amber-coloured liquid that functions primarily as an emulsifier and surfactant, allowing oil and water-based ingredients to blend stably in a formulation. It is also widely used as a fragrance solubiliser in water-based products, enabling fragrance compounds to disperse evenly without separation.
Individuals with broken or damaged skin, known PEG sensitivity or allergy should review the considerations above before use.