Your skin barrier is made up of skin cells (corneocytes) held together by lipids — fats that form a mortar-like matrix. Ceramides make up roughly 50% of that lipid matrix. When they're depleted, the barrier becomes porous: moisture escapes and irritants enter.
Which Ceramides to Look For
There are 12 identified ceramide species in skin. Products containing ceramide NP, AP, and EOP — ideally alongside cholesterol and fatty acids — are most effective at replicating the skin's natural lipid composition. The ratio matters too: roughly 3:1:1 (ceramides to cholesterol to fatty acids) is considered optimal.
“A ceramide-rich moisturiser isn't a luxury — for compromised or reactive skin, it's often the essential first step in any recovery protocol.”
When to Use Them
Ceramide-containing products are particularly valuable during and after periods of active treatment — when using retinoids, acids, or prescription acne medications that compromise the barrier. They're also essential for anyone with eczema, rosacea, or chronically sensitised skin.