Researched by Helena DeMaria-Williams
Formula IngredientSolventWater
INCI: Aqua
Water (INCI: Aqua) is the most common cosmetic ingredient, used as the primary solvent to dissolve and carry water-soluble actives, humectants, and other ingredients in a formulation. Cosmetic-grade water is purified and deionised to remove mineral ions, which improves product stability and prevents microbial contamination. It forms the base of most creams, serums, toners, and lotions.
Category
Solvent
Irritation Risk
Low
Skin Types
all skin types, oily, dry, combination, sensitive, acne-prone
What does this do in a formula?
solvent base, dissolves active ingredients, improves spreadability, hydration vehicle
Is Water safe? Key considerations
Can Water cause irritation?
Low RiskWater is non-irritating at all cosmetic concentrations. No EU CosIng Annex II or III restrictions apply. Prolonged skin exposure to water (e.g. extended bathing) can disrupt the skin barrier and cause dryness — but this is not a concern with normal topical cosmetic use.
Does Water increase sun sensitivity?
No RiskWater does not increase photosensitivity. No sun protection precautions are required based on its presence in a formulation.
Is Water safe during pregnancy?
SafeWater is universally considered safe at all stages of pregnancy. No reproductive or developmental concerns are noted in any safety database.
How does Water work?
Water (INCI: Aqua) is the most common cosmetic ingredient, used as the primary solvent to dissolve and carry water-soluble actives, humectants, and other ingredients in a formulation. Cosmetic-grade water is purified and deionised to remove mineral ions, which improves product stability and prevents microbial contamination. It forms the base of most creams, serums, toners, and lotions.
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